Leases (Notes) |
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| Leases | Leases
On January 1, 2019, we adopted ASC 842, which supersedes ASC 840. We adopted ASC 842 using the modified retrospective approach, whereby there was no cumulative effect adjustments to retained earnings on adoption and prior periods were not restated. Accordingly, our leases and lease related costs, as both lessee and lessor, and lease related receivables, as lessor, are presented under ASC 842 as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and under ASC 840 as of December 31, 2018 and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018.
As a lessor, substantially all of our revenues are earned from arrangements that are within the scope of ASC 842. We utilized the practical expedient in ASU 2018-11 to account for lease and non-lease components as a single component which resulted in all of our revenues associated with leases being recorded as rental revenues in the consolidated statements of operations. As a result of the adoption of ASC 842, the amounts disclosed in our 2018 third quarter 10-Q as base rentals, percentage rentals and expense reimbursements have now been combined into rental revenues on the consolidated statements of operations to conform to the current year presentation. In addition, certain amounts previously included in expense reimbursements in our 2018 third quarter 10-Q, which are not related to leases have been reclassified to management, leasing and other services and other revenues on the consolidated statements of operations to conform to the current year presentation. See Note 4 for additional details on the amounts reclassified to management, leasing and other services.
ASC 842 requires certain other accounting changes effective January 1, 2019 where prior year amounts are not reclassified or restated. Uncollectible tenant revenues previously recorded in general and administrative expense are recorded in rental revenues as a contra-revenue account in 2019. As a result of combining all components of a lease, all fixed contractual payments, including consideration received from certain executory costs, are now recognized on a straight line basis. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, we recorded a straight-line rent adjustment of $1.6 million and $4.9 million, respectively, in rental revenues in our consolidated statements of operations to record revenues from executory costs on a straight-line basis. In addition, direct internal leasing costs are capitalized, however, indirect internal leasing costs previously capitalized are now expensed. We only capitalize the portion of these types of costs incurred that are a direct result of an executed lease. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, lease costs of approximately $1.3 million and $3.5 million, respectively, were expensed which would have been capitalized under ASC 840.
As a lessee, the new standard also provides a number of optional provisions, known as practical expedients, which companies may elect to adopt to facilitate implementation. We elected the package of practical expedients which, among other items, precludes us from needing to reassess (1) whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases, (2) the lease classification of any expired or existing leases, and (3) initial direct costs for any existing leases.
Information as Lessor Under ASC 842
As of September 30, 2019, we were the lessor to over 2,300 stores in our 32 consolidated outlet centers, under operating leases with initial terms that expire from 2019 to 2035, with certain agreements containing extension options. We also have certain agreements which require tenants to pay their portion of reimbursable expenses such as common area expenses, utilities, insurance and real estate taxes.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the components of rental revenues are as follows (in thousands):
Future minimum lease receipts under non-cancelable operating leases as of September 30, 2019, excluding the effect of straight-line rent and variable rentals, are as follows (in thousands):
Information as Lessor Under ASC 840
As of December 31, 2018, we were the lessor to over 2,600 stores in our 36 consolidated outlet centers, under operating leases with initial terms that expire from 2019 to 2033. The majority of our leases contain provisions which provide additional rents based on tenants’ sales volume. Percentage rentals are recognized when specified targets that trigger the contingent rent are met.
Future minimum lease receipts under non-cancelable operating leases as of December 31, 2018, excluding the effect of straight-line rent and variable rentals, are as follows (in thousands):
Information as Lessee Under ASC 842
Adoption of the new standard resulted in the recording of operating lease right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities, of $90.4 million and $95.1 million, respectively, as of January 1, 2019 equal to the present value of the minimum lease payments required under each lease. The difference between the recorded operating lease liability and operating right-of-use assets represents the accrued straight-line rent liability and our prepaid rent balances previously recognized under ASC 840. In March 2019, we sold our Ocean City outlet center, which had an operating lease right-of-use asset and operating lease liability of approximately $2.5 million.
Our non-cancelable operating leases, with terms in excess of one year, have terms, including certain extension options, that expire from 2028 to 2101. Certain extension options, which are reasonably certain at inception, are used in the calculation of our operating lease right-of-use assets based on the economic life of the asset. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less (short-term leases) are not recorded on the balance sheet; we recognize lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The majority of our operating lease expense is related to ground leases at the following outlet centers: Myrtle Beach Hwy 17, Atlantic City, Sevierville, Riverhead, Foxwoods and Rehoboth Beach and the lease of our corporate office in Greensboro, North Carolina.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the components of lease costs are as follows (in thousands):
The discount rate applied to measure each operating lease right-of-use asset and operating lease liability is based on our incremental borrowing rate (“IBR”). We consider the general economic environment and our credit rating and factor in various financing and asset specific adjustments to ensure the IBR is appropriate based on the intended use of the underlying lease. The lease term and discount rates are as follows:
Cash flow information related to leases for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 (in thousands):
Maturities of lease liabilities as of September 30, 2019 for the next five years and thereafter are as follows (in thousands):
Information as Lessee Under ASC 840
As of December 31, 2018, our non-cancelable operating leases have terms, including certain extension options, that expire from 2019 to 2101. Rental payments for these leases totaled approximately $1.8 million and $5.4 million, respectively for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. As of December 31, 2018, the majority of our rental payments are related to ground leases at the following outlet centers: Myrtle Beach Hwy 17, Atlantic City, Ocean City, Sevierville, Riverhead, Foxwoods and Rehoboth Beach and the lease of our corporate office in Greensboro, North Carolina. The contingent portion of our ground lease payments is based on center performance and/or changes in an index.
For operating leases as of December 31, 2018, minimum lease payments for the next five years and thereafter are as follows (in thousands):
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